O que isto mostra
A form that prevents mistakes instead of complaining about them afterwards.
Rodar na sua máquina
Todo exemplo é uma Window comum, então o launcher só precisa do nome dela.
gradlew lwjgl3:run --args="classname dev.cf.recipe.R10Form"Editar o exemplo
Java é compilado antes de rodar, então o navegador não consegue reconstruir uma edição sozinho — o código que você vê aqui virou JavaScript pelo TeaVM antes de ser publicado. Copie o arquivo para um projeto e ele roda sem mudanças nas quatro plataformas; o comando acima é toda a preparação.
O que ele usa
Tipos do framework que este exemplo toca. Os que têm link têm página de referência.
O código
Completo, sem cortes. É o arquivo, não um trecho dele.
dev/cf/recipe/R10Form.java
package dev.cf.recipe;
import dev.cf.Tones;
import dev.crossfly.ui.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.color.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.graphics.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.layout.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.style.*;
import static dev.crossfly.ui.Widgets.*;
/**
* A form that prevents mistakes instead of complaining about them afterwards.
*/
public class R10Form extends Recipe
{
private TextField amount, when, pin;
private Label problem;
public String title()
{
return "A form that fights back";
}
public String note()
{
return "setMode does most of the work: it picks the keyboard, the mask and the validation"
+ " together. A regex on the way out only tells the user they already got it wrong.";
}
public void build(Component body) throws Exception
{
// CURRENCY masks as you type and gives a numeric keyboard on a phone. Two decimals is the
// mask's business, not the screen's — no parsing here, no "please use a dot".
amount = field(body, "Amount", EditMode.CURRENCY);
// DATE opens the date picker rather than a text keyboard, so an impossible date cannot be
// typed at all. Same for TIME.
when = field(body, "Date", EditMode.DATE);
pin = field(body, "PIN", EditMode.PASSWORD);
// maxLength lives on the STYLE, not on the field — along with the mask, the valid characters
// and the keyboard. Worth knowing before you write your own length check in a key handler.
TextFieldStyle st = pin.getStyle();
st.maxLength(6);
// The message is the one thing on this screen that means something went wrong, so it is the
// one thing wearing the error tone. In secondary grey it read as another caption.
problem = label("", 1f, true, Tones.danger(), Position.START);
problem.setVisible(false);
body.add(LAY_AUTO, outgap(problem, 0, .4f, 0, .4f));
Button ok = Tones.action("Submit");
ok.testTag("form.submit");
ok.onAction(c -> submit());
body.add(LAY_AUTO, ok);
}
private TextField field(Component body, String caption, EditMode mode) throws Exception
{
TextField f = new TextField();
f.caption(caption);
f.setMode(mode);
f.testTag("form." + caption.toLowerCase());
body.add(LAY_AUTO, outgap(f, 0, 0, 0, .7f));
return f;
}
/** Says WHICH field and WHY. "Please complete all fields" is what a form says when nobody owns the rule. */
private void submit()
{
String p = amount.getText().isEmpty() ? "How much? The amount is still empty."
: when.getText().isEmpty() ? "Pick a date — tap the field and the picker opens."
: pin.getText().length() < 4 ? "The PIN is at least four digits." : null;
problem.setText(p == null ? "" : p);
problem.setVisible(p != null);
problem.setValidLayout(false);
if (p == null)
Hint.show("Submitted", 2000);
Screen.repaint();
}
}dev/cf/recipe/Recipe.java
package dev.cf.recipe;
import dev.cf.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.graphics.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.layout.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.skin.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.style.*;
import static dev.crossfly.ui.Widgets.*;
/**
* Base of a <b>recipe</b>: one screen that shows one thing, and nothing else.
*
* <p>A recipe is not a sample. A sample shows a component with all its knobs; a recipe answers a
* question somebody actually has — "how do I put a filter sheet over a list?", "how do I make this
* follow the theme?" — in as few lines as it takes, so the answer can be read in one screen and
* copied without editing.</p>
*
* <p>That is the whole design constraint: <b>the boilerplate lives here, the substance lives in the
* subclass.</b> A recipe that spends twenty lines building a title bar teaches the title bar.</p>
*
* <p>Write one as:</p>
*
* <pre>
* public class MyRecipe extends Recipe
* {
* public String title() { return "What this shows"; }
* public String note() { return "The one sentence worth knowing."; }
*
* public void build(Component body) throws Exception
* {
* body.add(LAY_AUTO, new Button("Tap"));
* }
* }
* </pre>
*/
public abstract class Recipe extends SampleWindow implements Described
{
@Override
public abstract String title();
/**
* The one thing a reader should take away — printed above the recipe, in caption tone.
*
* @return the note, or null for none
*/
@Override
public String note()
{
return null;
}
/**
* Builds the recipe.
*
* @param body a vertical, scrollable container with sensible padding — add to it and stop
* @throws Exception when building fails
*/
public abstract void build(Component body) throws Exception;
@Override
public void onAdd(boolean firstTime) throws Exception
{
addTopBar(title());
// The page, not the surface. addTopBar just set fullscreenColor to the surface,
// and on a white page a white card has no edges — see Tones.page(). Re-derived on restyle so
// a dark-mode flip does not leave the light page behind.
fullscreenColor = Tones.page();
onRestyle(() -> fullscreenColor = Tones.page());
contents.setLayout(new VerticalLayout(Position.START, Position.START));
contents.getStyle()
.ingap(Gap.ofFont(1f, 1f, 1f, 1f));
String n = note();
if (n != null)
contents.add(LAY_AUTO, outgap(nota(n), 0, 0, 0, 1f));
Component body = new Component();
body.setLayout(new VerticalLayout(Position.START, Position.START));
body.setScrollable(ScrollDirection.VERTICAL);
body.testTag("recipe.body");
contents.add(LAY_FILL, body);
build(body);
if (pinned != null)
{
// Measured again once its labels have sizes: the band's AUTO height is taken in the first
// layout, before them, and on the iPhone it showed only its first line - the odometer's
// "No text recognizer on this device." was set and never seen (17/10/2026).
final Component band = pinned;
onUI(band::invalidateMeasure);
}
if (pinned != null)
body.add(LAY_AUTO, new Component()
{
@Override
public int getAutoHeight()
{
// Room for the last row to scroll clear of the floating band.
return pinned.getAutoHeight();
}
});
}
/**
* The note, as a tinted band rather than three lines of grey.
*
* <p>It is the one sentence the reader is meant to leave with, and it used to be the least
* legible thing on the screen: caption-coloured, caption-sized, indistinguishable from the
* captions further down that are only labels. A tone and a glyph cost nothing here — nobody has
* to read the band to know what it is.</p>
*
* @param n the note text
* @return the band
* @throws Exception when building fails
*/
/**
* Pins {@code c} to the bottom of the screen, in a band that FLOATS over the scrolling body: it
* stays on screen however far the body is scrolled, and the body scrolls underneath it. That is the
* place a recipe says what just happened. An answer at the top of the body went out of view as soon
* as the person scrolled down to the button that produced it (14/10/2026).
* <p>
* The band is 80% OPAQUE (the surface at alpha 0xCC), as the user asked; it floats rather than
* sitting below the body because a transparency with nothing behind it cannot be seen -- the first
* version had the band under the body, and the person saw a plain bar. The body gets a spacer as
* tall as the band at its end, so its last row can still scroll clear of it.
*
* @param c the component to pin, usually the answer label
* @return {@code c}, to chain
* @throws Exception if the layout refuses
*/
protected <T extends Component> T pin(T c) throws Exception
{
Component band = new Component();
band.setLayout(new VerticalLayout(Position.START, Position.START));
band.style(Skin.get()
.card()
.backColor(Styles.backColor.withAlpha(0xCC))
.borderColor(Styles.borderColor.withAlpha(0x33))
.borderRadius(0)
.shadow(0, 0, 0, 0)
.ingap(Gap.ofFont(1f, 1f, 1f, 1.2f))
.outgap(Gap.ofFont(0)));
band.add(LAY_AUTO, c);
// Floated: positioned at the bottom, full width, over whatever the body has there.
band.setRelativeBounds(Relative.START, Relative.END, Relative.FULL, Relative.AUTO);
contents.add(LAY_AUTO, band);
pinned = band;
return c;
}
/** The floating band {@link #pin} made, or null; the body ends in a spacer as tall as it. */
private Component pinned;
private Component nota(String n) throws Exception
{
Component band = new Component();
band.setLayout(new GridLayout(Position.START, Position.START));
band.style(Skin.get()
.card()
.backColor(Tones.accent().withAlpha(0x16))
.borderColor(Tones.accent().withAlpha(0x4A))
.shadow(0, 0, 0, 0)
.outgap(Gap.ofFont(0)));
// 0xE88E is the outlined "info". The glyph column hugs; the text takes the rest and wraps.
// The weights are GridLayout's own — 0f hugs, 1f takes what is left. LAY_FILL belongs to the
// vertical and horizontal layouts and means nothing here: it collapsed the text to nothing.
band.add(LAY_AUTO, 1f, matglyph(0xE88E, Tones.accent(), 1.05f),
outgap(label(n, 1f, false, secondary(), Position.START), .5f, 0, 0, 0));
return band;
}
}dev/cf/SampleWindow.java
package dev.cf;
import dev.crossfly.ui.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.graphics.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.layout.*;
import dev.crossfly.ui.style.*;
import static dev.cf.sample.CrossFlySamplesColors.*;
/**
* Base class for all CrossFly sample windows.
* <p>
* Provides common infrastructure:
* <ul>
* <li>Shared color palette and styles from {@link dev.cf.sample.CrossFlySamplesColors}</li>
* <li>{@link #addTopBar(String, Button...)} — standard deep-indigo top bar with back button</li>
* <li>{@link #barButton(String, Runnable)} — helper to create icon buttons for the bar</li>
* </ul>
*
* <h3>Usage</h3>
* <pre>
* public class MySample extends SampleWindow {
* public void onAdd(boolean firstTime) throws Exception {
* if (!firstTime) return;
* initWindow();
* addTopBar("My Sample");
* // ... add content
* }
* }
* </pre>
*/
public abstract class SampleWindow extends Window
{
/** The main content area of the window, added by {@link #addTopBar(String, Button...)}, for subclasses to add their content into. */
protected Component contents;
// ─── Top bar ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/**
* Builds and adds a standard top bar with a back (←) button on the left,
* a centered title, and any optional extra buttons on the right.
*
* @param title the text shown in the bar
* @param rightButtons zero or more icon buttons placed aligned to the right
* @throws Exception if component construction fails
*/
protected void addTopBar(String title, Button... rightButtons) throws Exception
{
fullscreenColor = Styles.backColor.color();
setLayout(new VerticalLayout());
add(0f, buildTopBar(title, rightButtons));
add(LAY_FILL, contents = new Component());
contents.getStyle()
.ingap(Gap.ofFont(0, .5f, 0, .5f));
}
/**
* Same as {@link #addTopBar(String, Button...)}, but returns the bar component
* instead of adding it, for callers that need to position it manually.
*
* @param title the bar title
* @param rightButtons optional right-side icon buttons
* @return the assembled top-bar {@link Component}
* @throws Exception if component construction fails
*/
protected Component buildTopBar(String title, Button... rightButtons) throws Exception
{
Button btBack = barButton("\ue5c4", this::hide); // arrow_back
btBack.testTag("sample.back");
// Padded on every side, like the bar's right buttons: with none above and below, the target
// was the arrow itself, too small to hit on a small phone (iPhone 5s, 17/10/2026).
btBack.getStyle()
.ingap(Gap.ofFont(.75f))
.outgap(Gap.ofFont(0, 0, .25f, 0));
Component bar = new Component().style(barStyle);
bar.setLayout(new GridLayout(Position.START, Position.CENTER));
int n = 2 + rightButtons.length;
Object[] params = new Object[n * 2];
params[0] = 0f;
params[1] = 1f;
for (int i = 0; i < rightButtons.length; i++)
params[2 + i] = 0f;
params[n] = btBack;
params[n + 1] = new Label(title).style(barTitleStyle);
for (int i = 0; i < rightButtons.length; i++)
{
params[n + 2 + i] = rightButtons[i];
rightButtons[i].getStyle()
.ingap(Gap.ofFont(.75f));
}
bar.add(params);
return bar;
}
/**
* Creates a standard bar icon button (transparent, white icon, pressed feedback).
*
* @param materialIcon the Material Icon unicode codepoint string
* @param action the action to run when the button is tapped
* @return the configured {@link Button}
*/
protected Button barButton(String materialIcon, Runnable action)
{
return new Button(new MaterialIcon(materialIcon)).style(barButtonNormal)
.pressedStyle(barButtonPressed)
.onAction(e -> action.run());
}
}Para uma IA
Versões desta página legíveis por máquina, para um modelo ler a prateleira em vez de adivinhar a API.