# O ciclo de vida

> Do bootstrap ao componente — Main, Window.onShow e os ganchos onAdd(firstTime)/onRemove.

Source: https://crossfly.dev/pt/docs/concepts/lifecycle — CrossFly documentation. Full docs as one file: https://crossfly.dev/llms-full.txt

# O ciclo de vida

O ciclo de vida do CrossFly tem três níveis: a **aplicação**, a **janela** (tela) e o **componente**.

## Nível 1 — aplicação: o bootstrap (`Main`)
`Main` é o `ApplicationListener` da libGDX. Quando a plataforma sobe, a libGDX chama `Main.create()` na
paint thread, e o `Main`:
1. detecta a plataforma e inicializa o runtime e a configuração de dispositivo;
2. resolve o nome da **janela principal** (de um argumento `classname` ou de `getMainWindow()`);
3. **instancia essa janela por reflexão** (`Class.forName(...)` → `newInstance()`) e chama seu `onShow()`.

Depois disso, a libGDX chama `render()` (a cada frame renderizado) e `resize()` — sempre na paint thread.

## Nível 2 — janela: `onShow()`
Cada tela é uma subclasse de `Window` que **monta sua UI em `onShow()`** (com `super.onShow()`):
```java
public class TelaHome extends Window {
   @Override public void onShow() throws Exception {
      super.onShow();
      setLayout(new VerticalLayout());
      add(LAY_AUTO, new Label("Início"));
   }
}
```
**Por que `onShow()` e não o construtor?** No construtor, os **bounds e a hierarquia ainda não estão
prontos** — `Screen.width/height` e o tamanho da janela só são válidos depois. Montar a UI cedo demais
leva a medidas erradas. (A pilha de janelas e navegação estão em [A pilha de janelas](/docs/ui/navigation/the-window-stack).)

## Nível 3 — componente: `onAdd(firstTime)` / `onRemove()`
Quando um componente entra na árvore, o framework chama **`onAdd(boolean firstTime)`**; quando sai,
**`onRemove()`**. É aí que você inicializa e libera recursos:
```java
public class Relogio extends Component {
   private Timer timer;
   @Override public void onAdd(boolean firstTime) throws Exception {
      super.onAdd(firstTime);
      if (firstTime) timer = iniciarTimer();   // recursos que devem existir uma vez só
   }
   @Override public void onRemove() {
      if (timer != null) timer.cancel();        // sempre libere ao sair
      super.onRemove();
   }
}
```
**O que `firstTime` distingue?** Um componente pode ser adicionado, removido e **readicionado**.
`firstTime == true` só na primeira vez — use-o para setup que não deve repetir. `onRemove()` é o par de
limpeza: cancele timers, listeners, cursores.

> Regra geral: **não** inicialize UI/recursos no construtor. Use `onShow()` (janela) e
> `onAdd(firstTime)` (componente), onde bounds e hierarquia já são válidos.

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style="display: table; white-space: break-spaces; line-height: 1.5; max-width: 200px; text-align: center; width: 200px;"><span class="nodeLabel"><p>instancia MainWindow por reflexão</p></span></div></foreignObject></g></g><g class="node default" id="my-svg-flowchart-Show-3" data-look="classic" transform="translate(136, 262)"><rect class="basic label-container" style="" x="-128" y="-35" width="256" height="70"/><g class="label" style="" transform="translate(-100, -21)"><rect/><foreignObject width="200" height="42"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" style="display: table; white-space: break-spaces; line-height: 1.5; max-width: 200px; text-align: center; width: 200px;"><span class="nodeLabel"><p>Window.onShow() — monta a UI</p></span></div></foreignObject></g></g><g class="node default" id="my-svg-flowchart-Add-5" data-look="classic" transform="translate(136, 382)"><rect class="basic label-container" style="" x="-128" y="-35" width="256" height="70"/><g class="label" style="" 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</div>

## Veja também
- Aplicar: [Navegar entre telas](/docs/ui/navigation/navigate-between-screens)
- Próximo: [Estado e fluxo de dados](/docs/concepts/state-and-data-flow)
